ISSN 2756-3812
Case Report
International Journal of Medical Advances and Discoveries ISSN 2756-3812 Vol. 4 (1), pp. 001-005, January, 2013. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org © International Scholars Journals
Case Report
Co-infection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax with Acute Viral Hepatitis in Brothers: A Rare Clinical Encounter
Neeraj Varyani1*, Sunny Garg1, Kamlakar Tripathi1, Lalit Prashant Meena1, Uma Shankar Rath1, Sourav Mishra1 and Garima Gupta2,
1Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-
221005, India.
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar
Pradesh-221005, India.
Accepted 15 November, 2012
Abstract
Two brothers aged 14 and 17 years presented in our emergency department with complaints of fever and yellowish discoloration of eyes and urine for 6 and 10 days, respectively. They had similar clinical presentation, examination findings, laboratory biochemical derangements and positive results for rapid tests of Plasmodium falciparum and vivax species along with IgM Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for hepatitis A virus. They also showed similar response to therapy and improved simultaneously within two to three days. This suggests the role of immunogenetics in modifying the natural course of disease. Moreover, triple infection by these hepatotropic pathogens lead to a presentation that is much more severe than that caused by either of them alone. This could only be explained by a synergistic interaction between these pathogens. This case foretells that co-infections with two or more hepatotropic pathogens require immediate attention with an aggressive management and role of immunogenetics along with co-infections in altering the phenotypic expression of a disease.
Key words: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, hepatitis A, co-infection, immunogenetics.
Neeraj Varyani, Sunny Garg, Kamlakar Tripathi, Lalit Prashant Meena, Uma Shankar Rath, Sourav Mishra, Garima Gupta
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Research Article
International Journal of Medical Advances and Discovery ISSN 2756-3812 Vol. 3 (8), pp. 001-006, August, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Cranial neuropathies in El-shaab teaching hospital (Sudan)
Abbasher Hussein, Bedraldin Mubark, Amira Sidig, Abdla A. Rahman, Ahmad Babikir, Faroug Yassien, Ahmed Hamad, Omer el-Adil, Ahmad Saad, Mohmad Malk Aldar, Esam Mahmoud Ahmad
El-shaab Teaching Hospital, Sudan
Accepted 14 April, 2012
Abstract
Cranial nerves palsies are one of the most important manifestations of neurological diseases. The aim of the work was to study the etiologies and pattern of presentations of cranial nerves palsies among adult Sudanese patients seen at El-shaab Teaching Hospital in the period from July 200-February 2009. 667 adult Sudanese patients with neurological diseases were included in the study. A full detailed history, proper clinical examination and required investigations including CT scan and MRI of the brain were carried out. The results showed that cranial nerves VII (197 cases), II (121 cases), IX (65 cases), X (65 cases), VI (39) were the most commonly affected, while III (13cases), XI (8 cases) and IV (2cases) were the least affected. Chief causes were stroke (144 cases), space occupying lesions (57 cases), idiopathic intracranial hypertension (25 cases), Guillain Barre syndrome (22 cases), diabetes mellitus (20 cases), hypertension (19 cases), motor neuron disease (19 cases), Bell's palsy (13 cases), multiple sclerosis (12 cases), vasculitis (10 cases), meningitis (7 cases), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (6 cases), anti phospholipids antibody syndrome in four patients, sensory neural deafness in four cases and trigeminal neuralgia in 4 cases. In addition, other rare causes were observed, such as hydrocephalus in 3 patients, road traffic accident in 2 patients, one patient had retinitis-pigmentosa, one patient had Dandy Walker syndrome and one patient had Vogt Koyangi Harada syndrome. The study showed that there was a wide variety of diseases and locations of cranial nerves involvement. The seventh and the second were the most common cranial nerves involved. Stroke and space occupying lesion were the most common causes of cranial neuropathies.
Key Word: Cranial neuropathies, Sudanese Patients
Bedraldin Mubark, Faroug Yassien, Abdla A. Rahman, Mohmad Malk Aldar, Ahmed Hamad, Esam Mahmoud Ahmad, Ahmad Babikir, Amira Sidig, Ahmad Saad, Abbasher Hussein, Omer el-Adil
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Research Article
International Journal of Medical Advances and Discovery ISSN 2756-3812 Vol. 3 (8), pp. 001-004, August, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Are laboratory workup really needed on management of pediatric seizures at emergency rooms?
1E Ulas SAZ, 2Tugcin Bora Polat and 3Sarenur Gokben
1Pediatric Emergency Department, Ege University School of Medicine, 35100 Bornova,Izmir, TR
2Pediatric Cardiology Department, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara,TR
3Pediatric Neurology Department, Ege University School of Medicine, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, TR
Accepted 03 April, 2012
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the value of workup done at emergency departments (EDs) on the management of pediatric seizures. We retrospectively reviewed all patients with seizures admitted to Ege University's Childrens Hospital's ED between March and December 2008. All demographic findings, seizure characteristics and laboratory workup were recorded. Eighty-three children were eligible. The mean age was 5.5±4.6 years; majority seizures (83%) lasted less than 10 minutes of which 66% were afebrile. Although, most patients had blood workup (92%), cranial computerized tomography scan or electroencephalogram was carried out in only five patients. Metabolic abnormalities were detected in 25 patients. The frequency of metabolic abnormalities was significantly higher in patients under two years of age (53.4% vs 24.4%) (p=0.02). No seizures occurred due to metabolic abnormalities. CT scans and EEG were abnormal in a patient with tuberosclerosis. Six patients were hospitalized. Altghough, blood workup, CT scans and EEGs are frequently obtained in patients with seizures at EDs, they have a limited value on management. Our results showed that extensive workup may be helpful in selected patients, i.e those younger than two years of age, that have either focal seizures or seizures lasting longer than 10 minutes.
Keywords: Seizure, children, workup, emergency department.
Tugcin Bora Polat and Sarenur Gokben, E Ulas SAZ
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Research Article
International Journal of Medical Advances and Discovery ISSN 2756-3812 Vol. 3 (7), pp. 001-005, July, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Role of catecholamine in tumor angiogenesis linked to capacitance relaxation phenomenon
Guangyue, Shi*, Guanjie Sui*, Jianxia Jiang# and T.K. Basak^
*Department of Medicine Oncology,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150040, China
#Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Nanjing, 210029, China. ^Director (Research) Krishna Engineering College, Ghaziabad, 201007, India.
Accepted 04 May, 2012
Abstract
The present paper describes the role of catecholamine with chromogranin A(CgA) in tumor angiogenesis linked to capacitance relaxation phenomenonl. The capacitance relaxation phenomenon is the observation about the capacitance value which jumps rapidly in cancer cell around 200Hz.It has been established that catecholamine is of recent interest in regulation of angiogenesis. The present paper deals with chromogranin A (CgA), coreleased with catecholamine in plasma in patients suffering from pheochromocytoma(PHEO), multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH) and patients with others endocrine disorders. The paper also discusses the progressive rise in CgA with catecholamine linked to capacitance relaxation phenomenon. The experimental results of capacitance relaxation phenomenon were given as inputs to a model for correlation with the CgA level and catecholamine. It is to be noted that the model is simulated in MATLAB 7.0. MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interface and interfacing with programs written in other languages.
Keywords: Chromogranin A, capacitance relaxation phenomenon, catecholamine, tumorigenisis.
Guanjie Sui, Guangyue , Jianxia Jiang andT.K. Basak, Shi
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Research Article
International Journal of Medical Advances and Discovery ISSN 2756-3812 Vol. 3 (7), pp. 001-005, July, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research paper
Does the ESR-adjusted serum ferritin concentration predict iron deficiency better?
Anthony A Oyekunle1*, Muheez A Durosinmi1, K A Adelusola2
1Department of Haematology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
2Department of Morbid Anatomy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
Accepted 21 April, 2012
Abstract
There has always been a need to develop simple and accurate techniques to improve the predictive value of the serum ferritin concentration (sFC) in patients with systemic inflammation and malignancies. This prospective study examined the impact of adjusting sFC for acute phase reactants with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), using the bone marrow aspirate Perl’s stain as a gold standard for comparison. Sixty patients (male/female = 35/25), with a mean age of 44 ± 4 years were recruited. Thirty-four of the patients had HIV infection, twenty had haematologic malignancies, four had unexplained severe anaemia, while two had hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly. Haematologic parameters including ESR, ELISA-based serum ferritin concentration (sFC) and bone marrow aspiration (and trephine biopsy, if aspirate was aparticulate) were examined. The effect of ESR-adjustment of the sFC on the iron status predictive value was studied. The difference in the sFC of bone marrow aspirate (BMA)-negative and BMA-positive patients was significant, and was further enhanced with ESR adjustment of the sFC. This study has shown clearly that the predictive value of sFC for assessing iron status can be enhanced using the ESR, in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions and malignancies.
Keywords: Iron, ferritin, bone marrow aspiration, bone marrow trephine, Perl's stain, Nigeria.
K A Adelusola, Anthony A Oyekunle*, Muheez A Durosinmi
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Research Article
International Journal of Medical Advances and Discovery ISSN 2756-3812 Vol. 3 (6), pp. 001-004, June, 2012. © International Scholars Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Early preventive measures are effective against transmission of rotavirus disease from person to person in the hospital environment.
Guillermo Sólomon Santibáñez1, Jaime Ramírez Mayans2, Napoleon González Saldaña3, Hilda Hernández Orozco3, Jose Luis Castañeda Narvaez3, Ester Lombardo Aburto4, Natividad Navarrete Delgadillo5, Wendy Domínguez Viveros4, Hugo Juárez Olguín6
1Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México
2Dirección Médica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México.
3Comité de Infecciones, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México.
4Servicio de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México.
5Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México.
6Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México.
Accepted 13 April, 2012
Abstract
An observational surveillance study was carried out to describe the outbreak of rotavirus in a pediatric hospital in Mexico City. A total of 13 cases of intra hospital rotavirus infections were identified. None of these cases was vaccinated against rotavirus. The average duration of hospitalization of the patients was 11 days (range 3 to 33 days). Implementation of contact precautionary measures successfully ended the outbreak 21 days after detection. All cases were successfully managed and treated with symptomatic measures. We corroborate the importance of implementation of early preventive measures in intra hospital outbreaks of rotavirus for adequate control.
Keywords: Intra hospital, outbreak, rotavirus, prevention.
Natividad Navarrete Delgadillo, Ester Lombardo Aburto, Jaime RamÃrez Mayans, Hilda Hernández Orozco, Jose Luis Castañeda Narvaez, Wendy DomÃngu, Guillermo Sólomon Santibáñez, Napoleon González Saldaña
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